Past Simple ( Minulý jednoduchý čas)
Použitie :
v Dej, ktorý sa začal aj skončil v minulosti
I saw a movie yesterday.
Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.
He washed his car last week.
v Krátkodobá činnosť v minulosti
Shauna studied Japanese for five years.
We sat at the beach all day.
They did not stay at the party the entire time.
Typické výrazy pre jdenoduchý minulý čas:
yesterday, last year, last week,... ago, before, when, then, once.
Kladná veta (oznamovacia) :
Osoba + pravidelné sloveso + prípona ed
We finished two hours ago.
She lived in Paris.
I studied French when I was a child.
Tom worked last Sunday.
He cleaned his car yesterday.
ALEBO !!!
Osoba + nepravidelné sloveso z 2. stĺpca (viď. tab.)
I swam yesterday.
He broke a cup yesterday.
They came to see us at the weekend.
We wrote a letter for him.
She gave us a lot of homework.
Záporná veta (oznamovacia) :
Osoba + DIDN ´T + sloveso v základnom tvare
He didn’t swim.
They didn't play the piano.
We didn't see a play yesterday.
Otázka :
(Opytovacie zámeno) + were/ was + osoba + …?
Where were you yesterday?
When was your exam?
Was the party good?
Were the people interesting?
(Opytovacie zámeno) + Did + osoba + sloveso v základnom tvare ?
Did he finish yesterday?
Did she speak to my uncle?
Did you hear me?
When did Anna start school?
What did they buy yesterday?
Nepravidelné slovesá
|
Preklad |
Infinitive |
Past tence |
|
byť |
be |
was/were |
|
stať sa |
become [bi’kam] |
became [bi‘keim] |
|
začať |
begin [bi’gin] |
began [bi’gaen] |
|
porušiť ,zlomiť |
break [breik] |
broke [brouk] |
|
priniesť |
bring [brin] |
brought [bro:t] |
|
postaviť |
build [bild] |
built [bilt] |
|
horieť |
burn [be:n] |
burnt [be:nt] |
|
kúpiť |
buy [bai] |
bought [bo:t] |
|
stihnúť |
catch [kaeč] |
caught [ko:t] |
|
vybrať si |
choose [ču:z] |
chose [čouz] |
|
prísť |
come [kam] |
came [keim] |
|
stáť |
cost [kost] |
cost [kost] |
|
krájať |
cut [kat] |
cut [kat] |
|
robiť |
do [du:] |
did [did] |
|
ťahať |
draw [dro:] |
drew [dru:] |
|
piť |
drink [drink] |
drank [draenk] |
|
jazdiť |
drive [draiv] |
drove [drouv] |
|
jesť |
eat [i:t] |
ate [et] |
|
padať |
fall [fo:l] |
fell [fel] |
|
kŕmiť |
feed [fi:d] |
fed [fed] |
|
cíťiť |
feel [fi:l] |
felt [felt] |
|
bojovať |
fight [fait] |
fought [fo:t] |
|
hladať |
find [faind] |
found [faund] |
|
letieť |
fly [flai] |
flew [flu:] |
|
zabudnúť |
forget [fe’get] |
forgot [fe’got] |
|
dostať |
get [get] |
got [got] |
|
dať |
give [giv] |
gave [geiv] |
|
ísť |
go [gou] |
went [went] |
|
rásť |
grow [grou] |
grew [gru:] |
|
mať |
have [haev] |
had [haed] |
|
počuť |
hear [hie] |
heard [he:d] |
|
skryť |
hide [haid] |
hid [hid] |
|
udrieť |
hit [hit] |
hit [hit] |
|
zraniť |
hurt [he:t] |
hurt [he:t] |
|
dodržiavať |
keep [ki:p] |
kept [kept] |
|
vedieť |
know [nou] |
knew [nju:] |
|
učiť |
learn [le:n] |
learnt [le:nt] |
|
nechať, opustiť |
leave [li:v] |
left [left] |
|
požičať |
end [lend] |
lent [lent] |
|
nechať |
let [let] |
let [let] |
|
rozsvietiť |
light [lait] |
lit [lit] |
|
vyrábať |
make [meik] |
made [meid] |
|
stretnúť |
meet [mi:t] |
met [met] |
|
platiť |
pay [pei] |
paid [peid] |
|
dať |
put [put] |
put [put] |
|
čítať |
read [ri:d] |
read [red] |
|
jazdiť |
ride [raid] |
rid [rid] |
|
zvoniť |
ring [rin] |
rang [raen] |
|
stúpať |
rise [raiz] |
rose [rouz] |
|
bežať |
run [ran] |
ran [raen] |
|
hovoriť |
say [sei] |
said [sed] |
|
vidieť |
see [si:] |
saw [so:] |
|
predať |
sell [sel] |
sold [sould] |
|
poslať |
send [send] |
sent [sent] |
|
postaviť, nastavť |
set [set] |
set [set] |
|
ukázať |
show [šou] |
showed [šoud] |
|
spievať |
sing [sin] |
sang [saen] |
|
sedieť |
sit [sit] |
sat [saet] |
|
spať |
sleep [sli:p] |
slept [slept] |
|
zapáchať |
smell [smel] |
smelt [smelt] |
|
rozprávať |
speak [spi:k] |
spoke [spouk] |
|
hláskovať, písať pravopisne |
spell [spel] |
spelt [spelt] |
|
ukradnúť |
steal [sti:l] |
stole [stoul] |
|
plávať |
swim [swim] |
swam [swaem] |
|
zobrať |
take [teik] |
took [tuk] |
|
učiť |
teach [ti:č] |
taught [to:t] |
|
povedať |
tell [tel] |
told [tould] |
|
myslieť |
think [0ink] |
thought [0o:t] |
|
hádzať |
throw [0rou] |
threw [0ru:] |
|
rozumieť |
understand |
understood [...stud] |
|
zobudiť sa |
wake [weik] |
woke [wouk] |
|
zvíťaziť |
win [win] |
won [wan] |
|
písať |
write [rait] |
wrote [rout] |
Zdroj: http://www.oskole.sk/